I would argue that the lead in European colonial expansion
            passed to Great Britain in the years after 1600.  Other countries such as Holland and
            France were important as well, but I think that Britain is the best answer to this
            question.
Before 1600, Spain was the leader.  The Spanish
            colonization of the New World as well as of the Philippines gave it a large and rich
            empire.  After 1600, though, England became much more important.  After 1600, the
            British colonization of North America began.  This would come to be a very important
            source of British wealth and power.  The same was true as Britain began to expand its
            presence in India.
After 1600, the British Empire started
            to grow until it became the biggest empire in the world.  Therefore, I think that
            Britain took the lead in colonization after 1600.
After the
            16th century, the lead in European colonial expansion no longer belonged to Spain. 
            Instead, the lead in this expansion passed to England.  It was England that started to
            colonize North America, for example.  It was also in the first half of the 17th century
            that Britain started to set up trading posts in India.  This would begin the process of
            British domination of the Indian subcontinent.  This was the beginning of the creation
            of the British Empire.  Of course, Britain had plenty of competition.  However, if any
            one country can be said to have taken the lead, it would be
            Britain.
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