Saturday, February 18, 2012

In "Self-Reliance", according to Emerson, what is one major obstacle to achieving self-reliance?

Throughout this fascinating essay Emerson makes it clear
that in his mind, the antithesis of self-reliance is civilization because it encourages
conformity. Note what he says about the negative impact of civilization and how it
encourages us to relentlessly conform:


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These are the voices which we hear in solitude,
but they grow faint and inaudible as we enter into the world. Society everywhere is in
conspiracy against the manhood of every one of its members. Society is a joint-stock
company in which the members agree for the better securing of his bread to each
shareholder, to surrender the liberty and culture of the eater. The virtue in most
respects is conformity. Self-reliance it its aversion. It loves not realities and
creators, but names and
customs.



Here we clearly see
why, in Emerson's opinion, civilization is so dangerous. In solitude we can hear the
"voices" that tell us to "trust ourselves". Civilization drowns out those voices.
Society itself is designed to "surrender the liberty and culture" of each member as we
all conform together towards one common goal. Society loves established "customs" and
"names" rather than the more creative "creators" and "realities". To be truly
self-reliant, therefore, Emerson seems to be saying, we need to distance ourselves from
society and civilization so we can trust ourselves.

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