Sunday, February 12, 2012

What is x if cos x = 1 + sin^2 x?

We'll write (sin x)^2 with respect to (cos x)^2, from the
fundamental formula of trigonomtery:


(sin x)^2 = 1 - (cos
x)^2 (1)


We'll substitute (1) in the given
equation:


cos x = 1 + 1 - (cos
x)^2


We'll combine like terms and we'll move all terms to
the right side:


(cos x)^2 + cos x - 2  =
0


We'll substitute cos x by
t:


t^2 + t - 2 = 0


We'll apply
the quadratic formula:


t1 = [-1+sqrt(1 +
8)]/2


t1 = (-1+3)/2


t1 =
1


t2 = (-1-3)/2


t2 =
-2


But t1 = cos x => cos x =
1


x = +/-arccos (1) +
2k*pi


x = 0 +
2k*pi


x =
2kpi


We'll reject the second
solution for t since -1 =< cos x =<
1

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