In order to understand how these factors affect behavior,
you must understand the function of neurons in the brain. A neuron
is a specialized cell that is used to send and receive messages
throughout the nervous system. Neurons control all aspects of human functioning
including behavior, thought, and automatic body processes. Postsynaptic potentials,
synaptic transmission, and receptors all occur or exist within neurons and neuronal
systems.
Postsynaptic
potentials result in changes in membrane potentials, or voltage, at the
postsynaptic terminal of a synapse after the release of neurotransmitters from a
neuron's terminal bulbs. Their purpose is to either inhibit or initiate action
potentials which serve to transmit information between neurons. As neurotransmitters
attach to receptors of other neurons through
synaptic transmission, information is passed between these
neurons resulting in a particular behavior, thought, etc. Essentially, these
processes/systems are the catalysts and instruments to all human functioning. Without
them, we would be unable to think, behave, or exist.
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