You need to consider the derivative `(dy)/(dx)` as a
function `g'(x)` and x as the function `f(x)` , such
that:
`f(x)*(g'(x))' + f'(x)*g(x) =
x^2`
You should notice that the left side summation
represents the product rule, that is used when you need to evaluate the derivative of
the product of two functions, such that:
`f(x)*(g'(x))' +
f'(x)*g(x) = (f(x)*g'(x))'`
Hence, the equation you need to
solve is the following, such that:
`(f(x)*g'(x))' =
x^2`
You need to integrate both sides with respect to x,
such that:
`int (f(x)*g'(x))' dx = int x^2
dx`
`f(x)*g'(x) = x^3/3 +
c`
Replacing back x for f(x)
yields:
`x*g'(x) = x^3/3 +
c`
Dividing both sides by x
yields:
`g'(x) = (x^3/3 + c)/x => g'(x) = x^2/3 +
c/x`
You need to integrate both sides with respect ro x,
such that:
`int g'(x) dx = int x^2/3 dx + int c/x
dx`
`g(x) = y(x) = x^3/ 9 + c_1*ln x +
c_2`
Hence, evaluating the general solution
to the given second order linear ordinary differential equation, yields
`y(x) = x^3/ 9 + c_1*ln |x| + c_2.`
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