Some significant amount of time has passed between the end
            of Act 1 and the start of Act 2, because by the start of Act 2 everyone seems very
            concerned about Hamlet's lunacy.  Hamlet must have been putting his "antic disposition
            on" for enough time to cause alarm amoungst the members of the court -- specifically
            Claudius, Gertrude, Polonius and Ophelia. 
Claudius and
            Gertrude have called Hamlet's childhood friends back from school (presumably Wittenberg)
            to try to find out what is wrong with Hamlet and to try to distract him and restore him
            to his normal nature.  Gertrude specifically instructs them to "visit my too much
            changed son."  Claudius asks them to "draw him on to pleasures, and to gather so much as
            from occasion you may glean" about what afflicts Hamlet
            now.
Polonius enters the scene claiming to know the cause
            of Hamlet's changed behavior.  Based on a report from Ophelia, Polonius thinks that it
            is the loss of Ophelia's love that has pushed Hamlet over the edge of sanity.  He has,
            as evidence of this theory, a poorly written love poem that Hamlet sent to
            Ophelia.
Once Hamlet enters the scene, his behavior is
            troubling.  He 'mistakes' Polonius for a fishmonger; he talks about kissing carrion; he
            talks nonsense about old people.  Polonius doesn't know what to make of any of this, but
            does remark that "though this be madness, yet there is method
            in't."
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern make very little
            headway in discovering the true cause of Hamlet's lunacy.  They suggest to Hamlet that
            perhaps he is crazy because his ambitions to the throne were thwarted, but Hamlet
            doesn't buy into that and he leaves Ros and Guil as bewildered as they were when they
            started -- even though Hamlet tells them "I am but mad north-northwest; when the wind is
            southerly I know a hawk from a handsaw."  They don't have any idea what that
            means!
Everyone Hamlet has contact with is worried about
            him and questions why Hamlet is such a changed person, but no one has a good answer.  It
            would seem that Hamlet's crazy act is working pretty well to this
            point.
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