Friday, June 27, 2014

What are the references to red in Chapter 14 of The Scarlet Letter?

Having resolved in a previous chapter to meet with her
former husband and do whatever she can to rescue Dimmesdale from his grip, Hester
approaches Roger Chillingworth to speak to him about the minister in Chapter XIV.  When
she does draw near, Hester is shocked to witness what the last seven years have wrought
upon the visage of Chillingsworth.  For, although he seems energetic still, his once
intellectual face now seems "almost fierce" and "carefully guarded."  But, although he
tries to guard his face, it appears blackened to Hester, and his eyes emanate a
redness:


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...There came a glare of red
light
out of his eyes; as if the old man's soul were on fire and kept on
smoldering duskily within his breast, until, by some casual puff of passion, it was
blown into a momentary flame....In a word, old Roger
Chillingworth was a striking evidence of man's faculty of transforming himself into a
devil, if he will only, for a reasonable space of time, undertake a devil's
office.



Chillingworth's
appearance has changed so because he has undertaken the "constant analysis" of a heart
that is tortured; he has violated the secrets of Dimmesdale's heart.  In fact, Hester
tells him that he has "burrowed and rankled" in the minister's heart, stealing the life
from Dimmesdale. To this Chillingworth agrees, as the "lurid
fire
in his heart blaze(s)" before Hester's sight.  In seeking his
revenge upon the lover of Hester, Chillingworth has transformed from a scholar into a
devilish man who realizes that he has become a fiend, but
who feels that he can do nothing to stop his being from becoming evil, telling Hester,
"It is our fate."


In this chapter, therefore, both Hester
and Chillingworth are touched by the marks of sin, which are symbolized by
red
.  Hester wears the scarlet A, which no official
will order removed from her breast; she must live out her punishment. Chillingworth's
eyes look red, his heart emits "a lurid fire."  He even admits to having become a fiend
as he punishes and tortures the heart of Arthur Dimmesdale and virtually steals the
man's soul, but he contends that he cannot be anything else, for as he tells Hester, "It
is our fate."

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