There is some variability in Islamic architecture, over
            time and country to country because there is heterogeneity even within a culture.  I am
            going to give you four elements that I see, and I have provided a link with some great
            photographs that might help you identify even more.
The
            element I want to discuss first is the decorative element of Islamic architecture
            because this element reflects a religious principle of the religion.  The beauty of
            decoration in this architecture is in the repetition of intricate geometric elements
            because there must be no decoration or statuary that depicts Allah or Mohammad or any
            other religious figure.  While churches might have statues of various religious figures
            and geometric decorations, this is forbidden in Islam.
The
            second element is the use of the dome, also common in Jewish and Eastern Orthodox
            buildings, which, of course, have their roots in the
            East.
A third element is the wide open space within the
            mosque, a space needed for worship.  In Western religions, people are mostly seated on
            chairs as they worship, but in Islam, one kneels, so there is a need for this open and
            bare space. This contributes greatly to the beauty of the
            mosque.
Columns and arches also figure prominently in
            Islamic architecture.  I would guess that these predate the columns of Rome and Greece,
            but I do not know whether the idea was borrowed from the Arab world.  I am going to have
            to do some of my own research to find out.
Islamic
            architecture is beautiful and awe-inspiring, two features that make it perfect to
            consider God, by no matter what name we call a deity.
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