What trials and tribulations does Salieri endure through the movie Amadeus?

Salieri does endure a challenging lot, but it truly is not
a justification for his envy.  That being said, Salieri's fundamental challenge is that
he loves music and loves the creation of it.  Yet, his talent is limited.  This
limitation compels him to see the pure genius of Mozart and possess a sense of envy for
it. When he and Mozart are composing the Requiem, Mozart asks Salieri if he believes in
the "fire that never dies. " When Salieri admits he does, it is a revealing moment for
us to fully grasp that his largest trial is that he is condemned to watch his life
knowing that his music will die out and Mozart's will live forever.  It is this burden
of knowing that the gods ended up blessing Mozart with musical genius, denying this to
Salieri.  This becomes the fundamental trial that Salieri ends up absorbing throughout
the film.